Ko muna son ƙirƙirar manne ko siyan manne, yawanci muna ganin cewa wasu manne za su sami takardar shaidar ROHS, takardar shaidar NFS, da kuma ƙimar mannewar zafi, ƙimar mannewar zafi, da sauransu, me waɗannan ke wakilta? Ku haɗu da su da siway a ƙasa!
Menene ROHS?
ROHS ƙa'ida ce ta wajibi da dokar Tarayyar Turai ta ƙirƙiro, cikakken sunan ta shine Umarnin kanTakaita Abubuwa Masu Haɗari a cikin kayan lantarki da na lantarkiZa a aiwatar da wannan ƙa'ida a hukumance a ranar 1 ga Yuli, 2006, wanda galibi ake amfani da shi don daidaita kayan aiki da tsarin kayayyakin lantarki da na lantarki, ta yadda zai fi dacewa da lafiyar ɗan adam da kuma kare muhalli. Manufar wannan ƙa'ida ita ce kawar da gubar, mercury, cadmium, hexvalent chromium, polybrominated biphenyls da polybrominated biphenyl ethers a cikin kayayyakin motoci da na lantarki, kuma mai da hankali kan abubuwan da ke cikin gubar bai kamata ya wuce kashi 1% ba.
Menene NSF? Menene FDA? Menene bambanci tsakaninsu?
1. NSF ita ce taƙaitaccen bayani na Ingilishi na Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Ƙasa ta Amurka, wadda ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta wacce ba ta neman riba ba. Ta dogara ne akan ƙa'idodin ƙasa na Amurka, ta hanyar haɓaka ƙa'idodi, gwaji da tabbatarwa, gudanar da takaddun shaida da takardun bincike, ilimi da horo, bincike da sauran hanyoyin tabbatarwa da kula da kayayyaki da fasahohin da suka shafi lafiyar jama'a da muhalli.
2. Dangane da takardar shaidar NSF, Gidauniyar Lafiya ta Ƙasa (NSF) ba hukuma ce ta gwamnati ba, amma ƙungiya ce mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta. Manufarta ita ce inganta rayuwar lafiyar jama'a. NSF ta ƙunshi ƙwararrun masana kiwon lafiya da tsafta, gami da hukumomin gwamnati, jami'o'i, masana'antu da ƙungiyoyin masu amfani. Aikinta yana mai da hankali kan kafa ƙa'idodin haɓakawa da gudanarwa ga duk samfuran da ke da tasiri ga tsafta, lafiyar jama'a, da sauransu. NSF tana da cikakken dakin gwaje-gwaje wanda ke gwada duk samfuran da aka gwada don bin ƙa'idodin dubawa. Duk masana'antun da suka shiga cikin sa kai waɗanda suka wuce binciken NSF za su iya haɗa alamar NSF akan samfurin da kuma wallafe-wallafen game da samfurin don nuna tabbaci.
3, Kamfanonin da aka ba da takardar shaidar NSF, wato, kamfanonin NSF, kamar kayan aikin gida, magunguna, abinci, lafiya, ilimi da sauransu. Samfurin yana da alaƙa da nau'in makamancin haka. Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka (FDA) tana ɗaya daga cikin hukumomin zartarwa da gwamnatin Amurka ta kafa a cikin Ma'aikatar Lafiya da Ayyukan Dan Adam (DHHS) da Ma'aikatar Lafiyar Jama'a (PHS). Ƙungiyar ba da takardar shaidar NSF ƙungiya ce ta ƙasa da ƙasa mai zaman kanta mai zaman kanta, tana da tarihin shekaru 50, galibi tana aiki a cikin ka'idojin lafiya da aminci da lafiya da aikin ba da takardar shaidar kayayyakin abinci, yawancin matakan masana'antarta ana girmama su sosai a duniya, kuma a Amurka ana ɗaukar su a matsayin mizani. Ma'aunin masana'antu ne mafi iko fiye da takardar shaidar FDA ta Hukumar Abinci da Magunguna ta Amurka.
Menene SGS? Menene alaƙar da ke tsakanin SGS da ROHS?
SGS ita ce taƙaitaccen bayani na Societe Generale de Surveillance SA, wanda aka fassara zuwa "Kamfanin Lauyoyi na Janar". An kafa ta a shekarar 1887, a halin yanzu ita ce babbar kuma tsohuwar kamfani mai zaman kansa na ɓangare na uku a duniya wanda ke da hannu a ingancin samfura da kimanta fasaha. Hedkwatarta a Geneva, tana da rassa 251 a duk faɗin duniya. ROHS ita ce umarnin EU, SGS na iya yin gwajin takardar shaidar samfura da takardar shaidar tsarin bisa ga umarnin ROHS. Amma a zahiri, ba wai rahoton SGS kawai aka amince da shi ba, akwai wasu hukumomin gwaji na ɓangare na uku, kamar ITS da sauransu.
Menene ma'aunin zafin jiki?
Tsarin watsa zafi yana nufin a ƙarƙashin yanayin canja wurin zafi mai ɗorewa, kayan da suka kai kauri mita 1, bambancin zafin jiki a ɓangarorin biyu na saman shine digiri 1 (K,°C), a cikin awa 1, ta cikin yankin murabba'in mita 1 na canja wurin zafi, naúrar tana da watt/mita · digiri (W/(m·K), inda za a iya maye gurbin K da ℃).
Lantarkin zafin jiki yana da alaƙa da tsarin abun da ke ciki, yawansa, yawan danshi, zafin jiki da sauran abubuwan da ke cikin kayan. Kayan da ke da tsarin rashin tsari da ƙarancin yawa suna da ƙarancin lantarkin zafin jiki. Idan danshi da zafin jiki na kayan suka yi ƙasa, lantarkin zafin jiki yana da ƙanƙanta.
Menene RTV?
RTV ita ce taƙaitaccen bayanin "Robar Silikon da ke Ɗakin Zafin Zafi" a Turanci, wanda ake kira "robar silikon da ke ɗakin zafi" ko "robar silikon da aka warkar da zafin jiki a ɗakin", wato, ana iya warkar da wannan robar silikon a yanayin zafin ɗaki (masu hana ruwa na roba sune robar silikon da aka yi da zafi mai zafi). Masu amfani da tsarin wutar lantarki sun yi maraba da murfin hana ruwa na RTV saboda ƙarfinsa na hana ruwa, ba tare da gyarawa ba kuma mai sauƙin shafawa, kuma an haɓaka shi cikin sauri.
Menene UL? Wadanne maki UL ke da su?
UL a takaice ne ga Underwriter Laboratories Ins. UL Konewa Grade: Flammability Matsayin UL94 shine ma'aunin ƙonewa da aka fi amfani da shi don kayan filastik. Ana amfani da shi don kimanta ikon abu na mutuwa bayan an kunna shi. Dangane da saurin ƙonawa, lokacin ƙonawa, juriyar digo da ko digo yana ƙonewa na iya samun hanyoyi daban-daban na kimantawa. Ana iya samun ƙima da yawa ga kowane abu da ake gwadawa dangane da launi ko kauri. Lokacin da aka zaɓi kayan samfurin, matakin UL ɗinsa ya kamata ya dace da matakin retardant na sassan filastik daga HB, V-2, V-1 zuwa V-0: HB: mafi ƙarancin matakin retardant na wuta a cikin ma'aunin UL94. Ga samfuran da suka kai kauri 3 zuwa 13 mm, ƙimar ƙonewa ƙasa da 40 mm a minti ɗaya; Ga samfuran da ba su kai kauri 3 mm ba, ƙimar ƙonewa ƙasa da 70 mm a minti ɗaya; Ko kuma a kashe a gaban alamar 100 mm.
V-2: Bayan gwaje-gwaje biyu na konewa na daƙiƙa 10 a kan samfurin, ana iya kashe wutar cikin daƙiƙa 60, kuma wasu abubuwan ƙonewa na iya faɗuwa.
V-1: Bayan gwaje-gwaje biyu na konewa na daƙiƙa 10 a kan samfurin, ana iya kashe wutar cikin daƙiƙa 60, kuma babu wani abu mai ƙonewa da zai iya faɗuwa.
V-0: Bayan gwaje-gwaje biyu na konewa na daƙiƙa 10 a kan samfurin, ana iya kashe wutar cikin daƙiƙa 30, kuma babu wani abu mai ƙonewa da zai iya faɗuwa.
Waɗannan su ne abubuwan da Siway ya sani game da manne-manne da aka raba. An kafa Shanghai Siway Building Materials Co., Limited a shekarar 1984, A halin yanzu, tana da takardar shaidar tsarin inganci na ƙasa da ƙasa ISO9001:2015 da takardar shaidar gudanar da tsarin muhalli na ISO14001 da sauran takaddun shaida.
Lokacin Saƙo: Janairu-10-2024